Magnetic ink recording



Nov. 22, 1966 B. KAZAN 3,237,734

' MAGNETIC INK RECORDING Filed Nov. 26, 1965 2 Sheets-Sheet l QSIGNALEOSOURCE Q/ If)?l Pm F/GZ HI :1:: :H; ilH- -'i l0 I55 3: l5

2o f hi; N 20Z120b INVENTOR. BENJAMIN KAZAN F/G.3

A T TORNEVS Nov. 22, 1966 B. KAZAN 3,287,734

MAGNETIC INK RECORDING Filed Nov. 26, 1965 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 SIGNALSOURCE F IG. 5 Jim...

INVENTOR. BENJAMIN KAZAN ATTORNEYS United States Patent York Filed Nov.26, 1965, Ser. No. 509,758 17 Claims. (Cl. 346-1) This application is acontinuation-in-part of application Sea. No. 348,617, filed Mar. 2, 1964and now abandoned.

The present invention relates in general to ink recording and moreparticularly relates to novel method and apparatus for ink recording asin a direct-writing oscillograph or facsimile systems.

Oscillograph recording by prior art techniques has generally beenlimited to a frequency response of between 100 and 200 cps. While higherfrequency responses can be obtained with recorders using light reflectedfrom a galvanometer onto light-sensitive paper, the light-sensitivepaper is expensive and there is a time delay in developing the trace.Moreover, the traces also have a low contrast and cannot readily beproduced in different colors.

On the other hand, in accordance with some prior art printing systemsadapted for facsimile recording, it is usual to employ a writing headwhich by various means places an ink droplet of known size on copy paperwhenever an electrical pulse is received. This type process has beenlimited in speed by the necessity of generating a droplet and moving itto the printing surface following receipt of a signal. Electrical forcesavailable to do this have of necessity been limited to small values bythe breakdown potential of air, while the speed of mechanical deviceshas been limited by the inertia of a moving mass. Accordingly, theseprior techniques have inherently imposed speed limitations in that thetime necessary to break an ink droplet away from a reservoir and move itto the printing surface is on the order of l0 sec. with sec. as anextreme upper limit.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide novel method andapparatus for the recording of intelligence information.

It is a further object of the invention to provide novel method andapparatus for recording with liquid ink in response to signals ofinformation intelligence.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a novel recordingtechnique that can be readily adapted for either oscillograph orfacsimile recording.

It is further an object of the present invention to provide adirect-writing and, therefore, a direct-reading oscillograph that can beoperated at higher speeds than here- I tofore possible.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide adirect-writing oscillograph having a superior frequency response limitthan existing apparatus of this kind.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide anoscillograph whose traces can be produced in different color.

It is a still further object of the invention to provide a novelfacsimile recording apparatus capable of selective ink deposition onto arecording sheet in response to signals of intelligence information.

These and other objects are achieved in accordance with the basicconcept of the present invention by magnetically deflecting a finestream of ink aimed at a moving recording medium. When used foroscillograph purposes, the variations in the strength of the magneticfield and, therefore, of the deflecting forces, are determined by thesignal it is desired to visually record in order to control the point ofdeposition on the recording medium relative to a line or point ofreference. For facsimile recording, the ink droplets are divided bydeflection into two separate tra- "ice jectories, one of which strikes arelatively moving recording medium to effect a facsimile reproductionwhile the other is intercepted for return to the system.

According to a basic embodiment of the invention, ink, manufactured tocontain within it magnetic particles, for example, a suspension offerrite particles in a liquid, is formed into a fine stream, about10O0th of an inch in diameter, by a nozzle which is supplied with theink under pressure. For oscillograph purposes, the ink stream isdirected at and strikes a moving chart an inch or two from the nozzle,thereby producing a permanent visual record. However, in the spacebetween the nozzle and the recording paper, the ink is brought under theinfluence of two separate and distinct magnetic fields, one a fixedmagnetic field and the other a variable magnetic field whose variationscorrespond to the input signal to be recorded. After the ink emergesfrom the nozzle, surface-tension forces cause the jet to break up intodrops. These drops then successively pass through the first magneticfield wherein they are magnetically polarized, which has the effect ofmaking tiny magnets out of them. Thereafter, these drops pass throughthe second magnetic field, which is non-uniform, wherein they aredeflected in proportion to the intensity of the second field at thatmoment. By this means the deflecting forces follow Coulombs law sincethe force on any one drop is proportional to the strength of themagnetic poles involved and, therefore, to the field strength at thepoint at which the drop is located. Since the drop mass is quite smallrelative to the magnetic field, the deflecting forces becomeappreciable. For facsimile purposes, the applied signal is on-off inoperation or at different fixed levels of intensity corresponding to thepresence or absence of information to be recorded. Thereafter as thedroplets pass through the second magnetic field they are selectivelydeflected or deflected proportionately into separate trajectories suchthat only those droplets representing information stirke the recordingmedium.

The polarizing magnetic field is generated by means of an electricalcurrent that flows through a pair of coils respectively wound about apair of magnetic pole pieces positioned on either side of the path takenby the drops. As will be discussed in greater detail later, thedeflecting magnetic field must also be a non-uniform field.Consequently, one of the two pole pieces of the latter is shapeddifferently than the other.

As previously indicated, oscillographs and facsimile recorders based onthe principles of the present invention are superior in a number ofrespects to similar type devices of the prior art. Thus, with thepresent invention operat ing as an oscillograph, a considerably higherfrequency response limit is obtained, it can operate at higher speeds,and it can provide traces in different colors. In addition, since amagnetic ink is utilized, either the oscillographic trace or thefacsimile recording can in turn be fed directly to magnetic scanningdevices for subsequent electrical readout, a step that was notheretofore possible.

The novel features which are believed to be characteristic of theinvention, both as to its organization and method of operation, togetherwith further objects and advantages thereof, will be better understoodfrom the following description considered in connection with theaccompanying drawings in which several embodiments of the invention areillustrated by way of example. It is to be expressly understood,however, that the drawing is for the purpose of illustration anddescription only and is not intended as a definition of the limits ofthe invention.

FIGURE 1 illustrates the basic combination of elements in one embodimentof an oscillograph according to the present invention;

FIGURE 2 shows a modification of the FIG. I arrangement to adapt it fora specific use;

FIGURE 3 illustrates the basic construction of another embodiment of anoscillograph according to the present invention;

FIGURE 4 illustrates a variation of the embodiment of FIG. 1 as adaptedfor facsimile recording; and

FIGURE 5 illustrates a variation of the embodiment of FIG. 3 as adaptedfor facsimile recording.

For a consideration of the invention in detail, reference is now made tothe drawings wherein like or similar parts or elements are given like orsimilar designations throughout the several figures. In the FIG. 1embodiment for oscillograph recording, the ink is supplied underpressure at one end of a nozzle wherein it flows through a very narrowpassageway running along the center of the nozzle until it emerges fromthe orifice at the other end as a fine jet or stream of ink which, inthe figure, is designated 11. A diameter of approximately a 1000th of aninch is preferred for the stream of ink and, therefore, the diameter ofthe passageway through the nozzle and of the orifice at its forward endmust be substantially the same. The pressure applied to the ink to forceit through the nozzle may, for example, be about 50 p.s.i. The inkstream is directed toward and ultimately strikes a moving chart or reelof recording paper 12 positioned an inch or two from the nozzle. The inkitself, as previously indicated, includes as an important part thereofparticles of a magnetic nature in order that the ink, after it hasformed into droplets, may be magnetically polarized. Inks of this sortare well known and, therefore, need not be described with any furtherdetail.

The ink is in the form of a column as it emerges from the nozzle butvery shortly thereafter, due to surfacetension forces, the jet is causedto break up into tiny drops 11a. These forces may be and preferably aresynchronized by vibrating nozzle 10 at a high frequency, for example 120kilocycles, and for this purpose a vibrator device, generally designated13, is linked to the nozzle. While any one of a number of differentkinds of vibratory devices may be used herein, the device shown in thefigure is based on magnetostrictive principles and, therefore, includesa nickel magnetostrictive transducer 13a about which a coil 13b iswound. As designed, element 13a has the configuration of a rectangularplate and has a hole through it at one end through which the nozzlesnugly fits. Coil 13b is wound about the other end of element 13a and,in order to produce the vibrations, the 120 kilocycle signal is appliedto it at its terminals 13c. In response to this signal, the length ofelement 13a periodically increases and decreases and this, in turn,forces the nozzle to vibrate at the same frequency. These forcedvibrations of the nozzle are desirable because they set the exactdistance from the nozzle at which the drops form and, in addition, theymake the drop size and spacing uniform.

After the ink-drops form, they pass midway between a pair of magneticpole pieces 14a and 14!) about which a pair of coils 15a and 15b arerespectively wound. The current, constituting the input signal from asource 18 is applied between terminals 15c, with the result that thecurrent flows through the coils to produce a strong modulated magneticfield between the pole pieces which, as may be seen from the figure, areshaped to enhance the strength of the magnetic field. As previouslystated, the ink droplets pass between the faces of pole pieces 14a and14b and, therefore, pass directly through this modulated magnetic field.Since the ink has magnetic properties of the kind previously specified,each droplet is magnetically polarized as it passes through this fieldto become, in effect, a tiny magnet of a magnitude and polaritydetermined by the instantaneous magnetic field in the gap at the time ofpassage of the droplet through it. Thus, it may be said that a largenumber of very fine magnets of varying strength emerge from betweenpoles 14a and 14b and that each such magnet is a sample of the modulatedmagnetic field and, therefore, of the input signal, at a particularmoment in time. This was verified by experiment in which acicular Fe O(iron oxide) particles 0.5 micron long and 0.08 micron in diameter weredispersed in a droplet of pharmaceutical mineral oil 0.02 inch across orin diameter. Under a microscope, prior to the application of themagnetizing field, the particles were seen to be randomly orientedthroughout the droplet. After application of the magnetizing field tomagnetize the particles, long parallel threads, directionally orientedsimilarly, were seen in the droplet.

Mounted beneath pole pieces 14a and 14b is a second set of pole pieces16a and 16b positioned so that the already polarized droplets will alsopass between them. Pole pieces 16a and 16b are designed to produce botha strong DC. or fixed magnetic field as well as a nonuniform field and,for this reason, one of the pole pieces, namely, pole piece 16a in FIG.1, is shaped differently from the other pole piece. Because this fieldis nonuniform, the attractive or repulsive forces applied to thedroplets as they enter the field midway between the pole pieces areunequal and, therefore, are deflected in a direction that is transverseto the direction in which paper 12 is moving. The extent to which eachdroplet is deflected is determined by the magnitude or degree of itsmagnetization, with the result that, upon striking the paper, anoscillographic trace of the input signal is recorded on the paper.

A mask or ink collector can be provided for the arrangement in FIG. 1for the purpose of intercepting all ink droplets except those which passthrough the system undeflected. By this means, a straight-line trace canbe produced on the paper whose intensity or density can be controlled bythe input signal since the application of such a signal serves to cutoff the flow of ink droplets which can arrive at the paper. Amodification of the FIG. 1 arrangement along the lines mentioned isshown in FIG. 2 wherein the mask or ink collector, designated 17, isinterposed between paper 12 and pole pieces 16. Member 17 has an opening17a through it which is located so as to be midway between the polepieces, that is to say, it is located so that in the absence of an inputsignal, the unpolarized and, therefore, undeflected ink droplets willpass through it to the center-line of the paper. Of course, to avoidspillage onto the paper, member 17 may be dome-shaped and formed into atrough along its edge to direct the ink collected to an outlet port 17bfrom which the ink can be drained.

Another embodiment of a magnetic ink-droplet oscillograph is illustratedin FIG. 3, and as shown therein, a standard rectangular-shaped magnet 20is used in used in this embodiment to provide a uniform D.C. magneticfield between its pole faces 20a and 20b. Also, in this case, nozzle 10is made of a magnetic material and is mounted so that ink column 11emerging from its orifice extends directly into the air gap between thepoles of the magnet. Finally, a coil 15 is wound around nozzle 10 andthe signal to be recorded is applied to its ends 150. Because the nozzleis now made of a magnetic material, a magnetic field is induced in it bythe current flowing through the surrounding coil, with the result thatink column 11 becomes magnetized and may from a practical point of view,be said to be a flexible bar magnet. That is, since the fluid containingthe magnetic particles fills the center of nozzle 10, the nozzle to allintents and purposes is a solid mangetic material. When current isapplied to coil 15, the magnetic field induced thereby is distributedwith substantial uniformity throughout the entire nozzle interiorincluding its axial center containing the fluid with the magneticparticles. Since a much stronger magnetic field is produced in responseto an electric current within a magnetizable as opposed to anonmagnctizable material, such as an air gap, the former is preferredfor the nozzle to provide a greater field intensity in the fluid.Consequently, the ink column is attracted to one or the other of thepole faces and as the strength and direction of its polarization varieswith the input signal, the column, as well as the droplets that becomedetached from it, swing back and forth to provide the permanent visualimage of the signal on the recording medium 12.

As shown in FIG. 4, the apparatus previously described for oscillographuse in FIG. 1, is herein adapted to be used for facsimile recording. Inthis instance, as previously stated, the ink is magnetically dividedgenerally into two distinct trajectories, one of which records bydeposition onto a recording surface and the other of which isintercepted for return to the system.

For these purposes the voltage applied to the coils 15a and 15b will inits simplest form be a fixed voltage which may be turned off or on inaccordance with intelligence signals emanating from information source18, which may be a facsimile transmitter or the like and transmittedthrough appropriate gating and shaping circuits (not shown). Thus, eachdroplet after passing between pole pieces 14a and 14b will either be magnetically polarized or unpolarized depending on whether the voltagegenerated by the intelligence signal was on or off when that dropletpassed between the magnetic poles. In this respect, the effect isanalogous to that described above in connection with FIG. 2.

Alternatively, and by way of example, the coils 15a and 15b may beswitched by appropriate circuitry between two distinct non-zerovoltages. By this means, the droplets polarized with the first voltageapplied to the coils will have one magnetic intensity while thosedroplets polarized with the other voltage will have a second anddifferent magnetic intensity. Whatever magnetic distinguishable methodis employed, the droplets differentiated selectively will then asbefore, pass between deflecting pole pieces 16a and 16b to be deflectedinto their respective trajectories.

For a single line recording of information a web sheet 12 can be fedfrom a supply roll as before. Preferably, however, it is desired toreproduce a document or the like in its entirety in reconstitutedgraphic form corresponding to the original sending sheet in allrespects.

For these purposes therefore the recording sheet 12 is 4 wrapped ontothe periphery of a uniformly rotating drum 21. In order to advance themagnetic components relative to the surface of sheet 12 they, along withnozzle 10, are integrally mounted in a fixed relation to each other andto the sheet surface. By means of a lead screw or the like (not shown)they are advanced axially parallel to the drum so that the inktrajectory can incrementally charge relative to the recording surface.The recording sheet moves at a rate proportional to the nan rate.

At the same time those droplets unpolarized or polarized to a differentmagnetic intensity are deflected by means of the deflection field intoan ink draining channel 23 formed by an interception plate 24. Themagnetic state of those droplets not subject to the signal pulse is notcritical so long as it is sufficient to cause the droplets to beintercepted under the influence of the applied field. Those ink dropletsintercepted by channel 23 are then funneled via a hose connection 25 toan ink reservoir 26. A pump 37 operated by a float control (not shown)in reservoir 36 returns the surplus ink via conduit 28 to the source ofink supply.

In FIG. there is an apparatus embodiment similarly adapted for facsimilerecording but less acutely responsive than the embodiment of FIG. 4.That is, in this embodiment the signal from coil is applied to the fluidmass in contrast to the individual droplets of the previous embodiment,such that the discreteness of droplet defiection and as a result thereproduction quality, while satisfactory is of lower quality than thatobtained 6 by the apparatus of FIG. 4. In other respects, the apparatushereof is operative as described above in connection with FIG. 3 asmodified by the ink interception and return components of FIG. 4.

By the above description there has been disclosed novel method andapparatus for high speed oscillograph recording as well as facsimilereproduction of original information transmitted in the form ofintelligence signals. Since many changes could be made in the aboveconstruction and many apparently widely different embodiments of thisinvention could be made without departing from the scope thereof, it isintended that all matter contained in the drawings and specificationshall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

What is claimed is:

1. A method of recording wit-h liquid ink comprising the steps of:forming a droplet stream of liquid ink including therein a distributionof a magnetic polarizable component; selectively polarizing the dropletsin said stream by means of an applied magnetic field responsive to asignal of information intelligence; and, applying a second magneticfield to said droplets after said last recited step to deflect at leastsome of said droplets relative to a surface on which droplets deposit torecord said information.

2. The method according to claim 1 in which said signal for applying thepolarizing magnetic field is a facsimile signal causing deflectionseparation of said droplets passing through said deflection field.

3. Oscillographic apparatus by means of which a visual record of avarying electrical signal is provided on a moving recording medium, saidapparatus comprising: means for directing a fine jet of ink that can bemagnetically polarized toward the recording medium; electromagneticapparatus receptive of the electrical signal and operable in responsethereto magnetically polarize the ink in accordance with the variationsof the signal; and additional means for applying a deflecting force tosaid jet of ink that varies as the polarization thereof, whereby avisual record corresponding to the signal is recorded when the inkstrike the medium.

4. Oscillographic apparatus by means of which a visual record of anelectrical signal is provided on a moving recording medium, saidapparatus comprising: means for directing a stream of ink droplets thatcan be magnetically polarized toward the recording medium;electromagnetic apparatus receptive of the electrical signal andoperable in response thereto to produce a varying magnetic field throughwhich said ink droplets pass to become polarized; and a magnet designedto produce a fixed non-uniform magnetic field in the path of saidpolarized ink droplets for deflecting said droplets according to theirrespective polarizations, whereby a permanent visual recordcorresponding to the signal is recorded when the droplets strike themedium.

5. The Oscillographic apparatus defined in claim 4 wherein said meansincludes a nozzle adapted to provide said stream of ink, equipment tosupply the ink to said nozzle at a predetermined pressure, and a devicefor vibrating said nozzle at a selected frequency to enhance theformation of said ink droplets.

6. Oscillographic apparatus by means of which a visual record of anelectrical signal is provided on a moving recording medium saidapparatus comprising: apparatus for providing a uniform fixed magneticfield; means for directing a fine column of ink that can be magneticallypolarized toward the recording medium, said means including a nozzlemade of a magnetic material and mounted so as to direct said column ofink through the center of said magnetic field, said means furtherincluding a coil wound around said nozzle, said coil being receptive ofthe signal and operable in response thereto to produce a varyingmagnetic fiel-d that polarizes said nozzle and the column of ink passingtherethrough according to the signal variations, whereby the ink columnpassing through said fixed magnetic field is variably deflected beforeit strikes the recording medium to produce a permanent visual recordcorresponding to the signal.

7. Oscillographic apparatus by means of which a visual record of anelectrical signal is provided on a moving recording medium, saidapparatus comprising: means for directing a fine jet of ink that can bemagnetically polarized toward the recording medium; a mask devicepositioned above the recording medium and having an opening therethroughthrough which said jet of ink passes to the recording medium beneathwhen itis unpolarized, said mask shielding the medium from the ink whenit is polarized; means for polarizing said jet of ink in accordance withthe variations of the signal; and additional means for deflecting saidink away from said opening when it is polarized, whereby a straight linetrace is produced on the medium whose density is controlled by thesignal.

8. Oscillographic apparatus by means of which a visual record of anelectrical signal is provided on a moving recording medium, saidapparatus comprising: first means for directing a stream of ink dropletsthat can be magneticall polarized toward the recording medium; secondmeans for insuring the formation of said droplets at a uniform rate andsize; third means receptive of the electrical signal and operable inresponse thereto to produce a varing magnetic field through which saidink droplets pass to become polarized; and fourth means for producing afixed non-uniform magnetic field in the path of said polarized inkdroplets for deflecting said droplets according to their respectivepolarizations, whereby a permanent visual record corresponding to thesignal is recorded when the droplets strike the medium.

9. The apparatus defined in claim 8 wherein said second means includes avibratory mechanism coupled to said first means for vibrating it at thedesired rate.

10. Apparatus by means of which a visual record of an electrical signalof information is provided on a mov.

ing recording medium, said apparatus comprising: means for directing afine jet of ink that can be magnetically polarized toward the recordingmedium; electromagnetic means receptive of the electrical signal andoperable in response thereto to selectively polarize the inkmagnetically in accordance with said received signal; and mean operableon said ink jet after said last recited means for applying a magneticdeflecting force to said jet of ink to deflect at least a portion ofsaid jet relative to the surface of said recording medium, whereby avisual record corresponding to the signal is recorded by the inkstriking the recording medium.

11. Apparatus by means of which a visual record of an electrical signalof information is provided on a moving recording medium, said apparatuscomprising: means for directing a stream of ink droplets that can bemagnetically polarized toward the recording'medium; electromagneticmeans receptive of the electrical signal and operable in responsethereto to selective produce a magnetic field through which at leastsome of said ink droplets pass to become polarized; and magnet in meansad'- jacent the droplet path subsequent to said last recited means toproduce a magnetic field in the path of said ink droplets for deflectingsaid droplets selectively similar according to the polarization thereonproduced by said electromagnetic means, whereby a permanent visualrecord corresponding to the signal is recorded by the droplets strikingthe recording medium.

12. Apparatus according to claim 11 in which said sig- 8 nal is anon-oif facsimile signal to polarize droplets passing saidelectromagnetic means when said signal is on.

13. Apparatus according to claim 11 in which said signal is a facsimilesignal for energizing said electromagnetic means to polarize saiddroplets to selectively different polarizations corresponding to thepresence and absence of information to be recorded.

14. Apparatus according to claim 11 in which said signal is a facsimilesignal, said deflecting field effectively separates the droplets fordeposit onto said recording medium from the other of said droplets andthere is in-. cluded separate means to receive said other of saiddroplets.

15. The apparatus defined in claim 11 wherein said means includes anozzle adapted to provide said stream of ink, a supply source to supplythe ink to said nozzle at a predetermined pressure, and means forvibrating said nozzle at a selected frequency to enhance the formationof said ink droplets.

16. Facsimile recording apparatus by means of which a visual record ofan electrical facsimile signal is provided on a moving recording mediumsaid apparatus comprising: means for providing a uniform fixed magneticfield; means for directing a fine column of ink that can be magneticallypolarized toward the recording medium, said means including a nozzlemade of a magnetic material and mounted so as to direct said column ofink through the center of said magnetic field, said means furtherincluding a coil wound around said nozzle, said coil being receptive ofthe signal and operable in re sponse thereto to produce a magnetic fieldthat polarizes said nozzle and the column of ink passing therethroughfor the duration of the signal, whereby the ink column passing throughsaid fixed magnetic field is selectively deflected to permit a portionof the ink column to strike the recording medium and produce a permanentvisual record corresponding to the signal.

17. Facsimile recording apparatus by means of which a visual record ofan electrical facsimile signal is provided on a moving recording medium,said apparatus comprising: first means for directing a stream of inkdroplets that can be magnetically polarized toward the recording medium;second means for insuring the formation of said droplets at a uniformrate and size; third means receptive of the electrical facsimile signaland operable in response thereto to produce a magnetic field throughwhich said ink droplets pass to selectively become polarized; and fourthmeans for producing a fixed non-uniform magnetic field in the path ofsaid ink droplets for deflecting at least some of said dropletsaccording to their respective polarizations, whereby a permanent visualrecord corresponding to the signal is recorded by the droplets whichstrike the recording medium.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,882,043 10/1932Schroter 17888 1,941,001 12/1933 Hansell 178-88 2,600,129 6/1952Richards 317-3 2,925,312 2/1960 Hollmann 346- X OTHER REFERENCES FastOscillograph Squirt Ink, Electronic Design, Oct. 11, 1963, pp. 28-29(copy in scientific library).

RICHARD B. WILKINSON, Primary Examiner.

1. A METHOD OF RECORDING WITH LIQUID INK COMPRISING THE STEPS OF:FORMING A DROPLET STEAM OF LIQUID INK INCLUDING THEREIN A DISTRIBUTIONOF A MAGNETIC POLARIZABLE COMPONENT; SELECTIVELY POLARIZING THE DROPLETSIN SAID STREAM BY MEANS OF AN APPLIED MAGNETIC FIELD RESPONSIVE TO ASIGNAL OF INFORMATION INTELLIGENCE; AND, APPLYING A SECOND MAGNETICFIELD TO SAID DROPLETS AFTER SAID LAST RECITED STEP TO DEFLECT AT LEASTSOME OF SAID DROPLETS RELATIVE TO A SURFACE ON WHICH DROPLETS DEPOSIT TORECORD SAID INFORMATION.